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Android编程实现AIDL(跨进程通信)的方法详解

作者:佚名      Android开发编辑:admin      更新时间:2022-07-23

本文实例讲述了Android编程实现AIDL(跨进程通信)的方法。分享给大家供大家参考,具体如下:

一. 概述:

跨进程通信(AIDL),主要实现进程(应用)间数据共享功能。

二. 实现流程:

1. 服务器端实现:

(1)目录结构,如下图:

(2)实现*.aidl文件:

A. IAIDLService.aidl实现:

package com.focus.aidl;
import com.focus.aidl.Person;
interface IAIDLService {
  String getName();
  Person getPerson();
}

B. Person.aidl实现:

parcelable Person;

(3)进程间传递对象必需实现Parcelable或Serializable接口,下面是被传递的Person对象实现:

package com.focus.aidl;
import android.os.Parcel;
import android.os.Parcelable;
public class Person implements Parcelable {
  private String name;
  private int age;
  public Person() {
  }
  public Person(Parcel source) {
    name = source.readString();
    age = source.readInt();
  }
  public String getName() {
    return name;
  }
  public void setName(String name) {
    this.name = name;
  }
  public int getAge() {
    return age;
  }
  public void setAge(int age) {
    this.age = age;
  }
  public int describeContents() {
    return 0;
  }
  public void writeToParcel(Parcel dest, int flags) {
    dest.writeString(name);
    dest.writeInt(age);
  }
  public static final Parcelable.Creator<Person> CREATOR = new Creator<Person>() {
    public Person[] newArray(int size) {
      return new Person[size];
    }
    public Person createFromParcel(Parcel source) {
      return new Person(source);
    }
  };
}

(4)实现IAIDLService.aidl文件中定义的接口,并定义Service,在Service被bind时返回此实现类:

package com.focus.aidl;
import com.focus.aidl.IAIDLService.Stub;
import android.app.Service;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.os.RemoteException;
public class AIDLServiceImpl extends Service {
  @Override
  public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
    return mBinder;
  }
  /**
   * 在AIDL文件中定义的接口实现。
   */
  private IAIDLService.Stub mBinder = new Stub() {
    public String getName() throws RemoteException {
      return "mayingcai";
    }
    public Person getPerson() throws RemoteException {
      Person mPerson = new Person();
      mPerson.setName("mayingcai");
      mPerson.setAge(24);
      return mPerson;
    }
  };
}

(5)在AndroidManifest.xml文件中注册Service:

<service android:name = ".AIDLServiceImpl" android:process = ":remote">
  <intent-filter>
    <action android:name = "com.focus.aidl.IAIDLService" />
  </intent-filter>
</service>

2. 客户端实现:

(1)目录结构,如下图:

(2)将服务器端的IAIDLService.aidl,Person.aidl和Person.Java文件拷贝到本工程中,如上图所示:

(3)res/layout/main.xml实现:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
  android:orientation = "vertical"
  android:layout_width = "fill_parent"
  android:layout_height = "fill_parent"
  >
  <TextView
    android:id = "@+id/name"
    android:layout_width = "wrap_content"
    android:layout_height = "wrap_content"
    />
  <Button
    android:id = "@+id/connection"
    android:layout_width = "wrap_content"
    android:layout_height = "wrap_content"
    android:text = "连接"
    />
  <Button
    android:id = "@+id/message"
    android:layout_width = "wrap_content"
    android:layout_height = "wrap_content"
    android:enabled = "false"
    android:text = "信息"
    />
  <Button
    android:id = "@+id/person"
    android:layout_width = "wrap_content"
    android:layout_height = "wrap_content"
    android:enabled = "false"
    android:text = "人"
    />
</LinearLayout>

(4)主Activity实现,从服务器端获取数据在客户端显示:

package com.focus.aidl.client;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.ComponentName;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.ServiceConnection;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.os.RemoteException;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.TextView;
import com.focus.aidl.IAIDLService;
import com.focus.aidl.Person;
public class AIDLClientAcitivty extends Activity {
  private IAIDLService mAIDLService;
  private TextView mName;
  private Button mMessage;
  private Button mPerson;
  /**
   * 第一步,创建ServiceConnection对象,在onServiceConnected()方法中获取IAIDLService实现。
   */
  private ServiceConnection mServiceConnection = new ServiceConnection() {
    public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) {
      mAIDLService = IAIDLService.Stub.asInterface(service);
      mMessage.setEnabled(true);
      mPerson.setEnabled(true);
    }
    public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) {
      mAIDLService = null;
      mMessage.setEnabled(false);
      mPerson.setEnabled(false);
    }
  };
  @Override
  public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.main);
    mName = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.name);
    findViewById(R.id.connection).setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
      public void onClick(View view) {
        /**
         * 第二步,单击"连接"按钮后用mServiceConnection去bind服务器端创建的Service。
         */
        Intent service = new Intent("com.focus.aidl.IAIDLService");
        bindService(service, mServiceConnection, BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
      }
    });
    mMessage = (Button) findViewById(R.id.message);
    mMessage.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
      public void onClick(View view) {
        /**
         * 第三步,从服务器端获取字符串。
         */
        try {
          mName.setText(mAIDLService.getName());
        } catch (RemoteException e) {
          e.printStackTrace();
        }
      }
    });
    mPerson = (Button) findViewById(R.id.person);
    mPerson.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
      public void onClick(View view) {
        /**
         * 第四步,从服务器端获取Person对象。
         */
        try {
          Person mPerson = mAIDLService.getPerson();
          mName.setText("姓名:" + mPerson.getName() + ", 年龄:" + mPerson.getAge());
        } catch (RemoteException e) {
          e.printStackTrace();
        }
      }
    });
  }
}

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希望本文所述对大家Android程序设计有所帮助。