iOS学习(UI)知识点整理

一、自定义标签栏 

1、方法一 单个创建标签栏 

 1 #import "AppDelegate.h"
 2 #import "SecondViewController.h"
 3 #import "ViewController.h"
 4 #import "ThirdViewController.h"
 5 #import "ForthViewController.h"
 6 #import "ViewController1.h"
 7 #import "ViewController2.h"
 8 #import "ViewController3.h"
 9 #import "ViewController4.h"
10 @interface AppDelegate ()<UITabBarControllerDelegate> 
11 @end
12 
13 @implementation AppDelegate 
14 - (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions {
15     //1.直接设置默认的标签的属性
16     UINavigationController *navi1 = [[UINavigationController alloc]initWithRootViewController:[ViewController new]];
17     //设置navi1所对应的界面的标签的标题
18     navi1.tabBarItem.title = @"home";
19     //设置navi1所对应的标签的图标
20     navi1.tabBarItem.image = [[UIImage imageNamed:@"tabbar_account_PRess"]imageWithRenderingMode:UIImageRenderingModeAlwaysOriginal];
21     //2.直接创建一个新的标签
22     UIViewController *vc1 = [ViewController1 new];
23     //创建的方式里面包含三个参数:文字标题,普通状态下的图片,选中状态下的图片
24     UITabBarItem *item = [[UITabBarItem alloc]initWithTitle:@"界面二"  image:[UIImage imageNamed:@"tabbar_appfree"] 
       selectedImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"tabbar_account"]];
25     vc1.tabBarItem = item;
26     //设置数字徽标,用来提示用户
27     item.badgeValue = @"20";
28     //设置系统图标右上角的数字
29     [[UIApplication sharedApplication] setApplicationIconBadgeNumber:55];
30 
31 
32     //3.创建标签的另一种方式
33     UINavigationController *navi2 = [[UINavigationController alloc]initWithRootViewController:[ViewController2 new]];
34     //参数:标题和图片
35     UITabBarItem *item2 = [[UITabBarItem alloc]initWithTitle:@"界面三" image:[UIImage imageNamed:@"tabbar_reduceprice"] tag:100];
36     item2.selectedImage = [UIImage imageNamed:@"tabbar_subject"];
37     navi2.tabBarItem = item2; 
38 
39 
40     //4.他们系统样式的标签
41     UINavigationController *navi3 = [[UINavigationController alloc]initWithRootViewController:[ViewController3 new]];
42     //使用系统的样式创建标签,图片和文字都无法修改
43     navi3.tabBarItem = [[UITabBarItem alloc]initWithTabBarSystemItem:UITabBarSystemItemDownloads tag:200];
44     //无法修改
45     navi3.tabBarItem.title = @"界面四";
46     UINavigationController *navi4 = [[UINavigationController alloc]initWithRootViewController:[ViewController4 new]];
47     navi4.tabBarItem = [[UITabBarItem alloc]initWithTabBarSystemItem:UITabBarSystemItemFeatured tag:101];
48     
49     //如果创建的标签数量大于5个,则从第5个开始(包括第5个)都会被放到More标签中
50     UINavigationController *navi5 = [[UINavigationController alloc]initWithRootViewController:[SecondViewController new]];
51     navi5.tabBarItem = [[UITabBarItem alloc]initWithTabBarSystemItem:UITabBarSystemItemHistory tag:101];
52     
53     //创建标签栏控制器
54     UITabBarController *tabbar = [[UITabBarController alloc]init];
55     //设置标签栏控制器所管理的视图控制器
56     tabbar.viewControllers = @[navi1,vc1,navi2,navi3,navi4,navi5]; 
57     NSInteger index = [[[NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults]valueForKey:@"selectedindex"] integerValue];
58      //设置tabbar选中的标签
59     tabbar.selectedIndex = index;
60     tabbar.delegate = self;
61     self.window.rootViewController = tabbar;
62     self.window.backgroundColor = [UIColor whiteColor];
63     return YES;
64 }
65 
66 //选中某一个视图控制器的时候,调用该方法
67 - (void)tabBarController:(UITabBarController *)tabBarController didSelectViewController:(UIViewController *)viewController
68 {
69     [[NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults]setValue:@(tabBarController.selectedIndex) forKey:@"selectedindex"];
70     [[NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults]synchronize];
71     NSLog(@"%@",viewController);
72 }
73 
74 //自定义视图控制器完成的时候调用
75 - (void)tabBarController:(UITabBarController *)tabBarController didEndCustomizingViewControllers:(NSArray *)viewControllers 
     changed:(BOOL)changed
76 {
77     NSLog(@"%@",viewControllers); 
78 }
79 @end

 2、方法二 循环遍历创建标签栏  

 1）创建一个继承自UIButton的类 MyTabbBarItem 用于创建标签栏的按钮 

      MyTabbBarItem.h  文件中的代码实现 

1 #import <UIKit/UIKit.h>
2  @interface MyTabbBarItem : UIButton
3  @end

2） MyTabbBarItem.m  文件中的代码实现

 1 #import "MyTabbBarItem.h"
 2 @implementation MyTabbBarItem
 3 - (instancetype)initWithFrame:(CGRect)frame
 4 {
 5     self = [super initWithFrame:frame];
 6     if (self) {
 7         self.titleLabel.font = [UIFont systemFontOfSize:12];
 8         self.titleLabel.textAlignment = NSTextAlignmentCenter;
 9         [self setTitleColor:[UIColor grayColor] forState:UIControlStateNormal];
10         [self setTitleColor:[UIColor whiteColor] forState:UIControlStateSelected];
11     }
12     return self;
13 }
14  
15 //这个方法返回的cgrect是按钮上的title部分的位置和大小
16 - (CGRect)titleRectForContentRect:(CGRect)contentRect
17 {
18     return CGRectMake(0, 30, contentRect.size.width, 15);
19 }
20 
21 - (CGRect)imageRectForContentRect:(CGRect)contentRect
22 {
23     return CGRectMake((contentRect.size.width - 26)/2, 2, 26, 26);
24 }

3）自定义标签栏的类 MyTabBarController.h 代码实现

1 #import <UIKit/UIKit.h>
2 @interface MyTabBarController : UITabBarController
3 
4 @end

4）自定义标签栏的类 MyTabBarController.m 代码实现

  1 #import "MyTabBarController.h"
  2 #import "ViewController.h"
  3 #import "ViewController1.h"
  4 #import "ViewController2.h"
  5 #import "ViewController3.h"
  6 #import "ViewController4.h"
  7 #import "MyTabbBarItem.h"
  8 
  9 @interface MyTabBarController ()
 10 {
 11     UIImageView *_myTabbar;
 12 }
 13 @end
 14 
 15 @implementation MyTabBarController
 16 
 17 - (void)viewDidLoad {
 18     [super viewDidLoad];
 19     
 20     //配置标签栏控制器
 21     //自定义标签栏的步骤
 22     
 23     //1.隐藏系统的标签栏
 24     self.tabBar.hidden = YES;
 25     
 26     //3.创建所有的视图控制器
 27     [self createViewControllers];
 28     
 29     //2.创建一个新标签栏
 30     [self createTabbar];
 31     
 32     //4.创建所有标签
 33     [self createTabs];
 34     
 35     //5.标签和视图控制器进行关联     
 36     
 37 }
 38 
 39 -(void)createTabbar
 40 {
 41     CGRect frame = [[UIScreen mainScreen]bounds];
 42     frame.origin.y = frame.size.height - 49;
 43     frame.size.height = 49;
 44     
 45     _myTabbar = [[UIImageView alloc]initWithFrame:self.tabBar.bounds];
 46     
 47     _myTabbar.backgroundColor = [UIColor blueColor];
 48    
 49     //将自定义标签栏添加在系统标签栏上
 50     [self.tabBar addSubview:_myTabbar];
 51     _myTabbar.userInteractionEnabled = YES;
}
 54 -(void)createViewControllers
 56 {
 57     NSArray *vcArray = @[@"ViewController",
 58                          @"ViewController1",
 59                          @"ViewController2",
 60                          @"ViewController3",
 61                          @"ViewController4"];
 62     
 63     NSMutableArray *vcs = [[NSMutableArray alloc]init];
 64     for (int i = 0; i<vcArray.count; i++) {
 65         //反射(将字符串对象转换成对应的类对象)
 66         UIViewController *vc = [[NSClassFromString(vcArray[i]) alloc]init];
 67         vc.navigationItem.title = vcArray[i];
 68         UINavigationController *navi = [[UINavigationController alloc]initWithRootViewController:vc];
 69         [vcs addObject:navi];
 70     }
 71     self.viewControllers = vcs;
 72 }
 73 
 74 -(void)createTabs
 75 {
 76     NSArray *titleArray = @[@"首页",@"社会",@"金融",@"法制",@"教育"];
 77     NSArray *imageArray = @[@"tabbar_account",
 78                             @"tabbar_appfree",
 79                             @"tabbar_limitfree",
 80                             @"tabbar_reduceprice",
 81                             @"tabbar_subject"];
 82     NSArray *imageSelectedArray = @[@"tabbar_account_press",
 83                             @"tabbar_appfree_press",
 84                             @"tabbar_limitfree_press",
 85                             @"tabbar_reduceprice_press",
 86                             @"tabbar_subject_press"];
 87     
 88     
 89     for (int i = 0; i<titleArray.count; i++) {
 90         MyTabbBarItem *btn = [MyTabbBarItem buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeCustom];
 91         [btn setTitle:titleArray[i] forState:UIControlStateNormal];
 92         [btn setImage:[UIImage imageNamed:imageArray[i]] forState:UIControlStateNormal];
 93         [btn setImage:[UIImage imageNamed:imageSelectedArray[i]] forState:UIControlStateSelected];
 94         if (i == 0) {
 95             btn.selected = YES;
 96         }
 97         CGFloat width = [[UIScreen mainScreen]bounds].size.width/5;
 98         btn.frame = CGRectMake(width * i, 0, width, 49);
 99         [_myTabbar addSubview:btn];
100         btn.tag = 100 + i;
101         [btn addTarget:self action:@selector(selectAction:) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside]; 
103     } 
105 }
106 
107 -(void)selectAction:(UIButton *)btn
108 {
109     NSInteger index = btn.tag - 100;
110     self.selectedIndex = index; 
112     for (UIButton *btn in _myTabbar.subviews) {
113         btn.selected = NO;
114     } 
116     //设置selected属性
117     btn.selected = YES;
118 }
119  
120 @end

5）AppDelegate.m  文件中的代码实现

1 //系统自带的标签的高度是49
2 //可以自定义标签来设置不同高度的标签栏
3 //此处不能指定导航栏否则标签栏无法显示，因为后面会指定导航栏
4 MyTabBarController *tabbar = [[MyTabBarController alloc]init];
5 self.window.rootViewController = tabbar;
6 self.window.backgroundColor = [UIColor whiteColor];
7 return YES;

3、UITabbarController的视图层级关系;利用Window 实现QQ右侧菜单视图功能 

1）AppDelegate.m 代码实现  

 1  #import "AppDelegate.h"
 2  #import "ViewController.h" 
 3 @interface AppDelegate ()
 4 {
 5     UIWindow *_w;
 6 }
 7 @end 
 8 @implementation AppDelegate 
 9 - (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions {  
10     _w = [[UIWindow alloc]initWithFrame:[[UIScreen mainScreen]bounds]];
11     _w.backgroundColor = [UIColor purpleColor];          _w.rootViewController = [RootViewController new];     
12     [_w makeKeyAndVisible];      
13     UITabBarController *tabbar = [[UITabBarController alloc]init]; 
14     UINavigationController *navi = [[UINavigationController alloc]initWithRootViewController:[ViewController new]];
15     navi.tabBarItem = [[UITabBarItem alloc]initWithTabBarSystemItem:UITabBarSystemItemContacts tag:100]; 
16     tabbar.viewControllers = @[navi];     
17     self.window.rootViewController = tabbar;
18     self.window.backgroundColor = [UIColor clearColor]; 
19     return YES;
20 }  

2）ViewController.m window切换代码实现

 1 #import "ViewController.h" 
 2 @interface ViewController () 
 3 @end 
 4 @implementation ViewController 
 5 - (void)viewDidLoad {
 6     [super viewDidLoad]; 
 7     self.view.backgroundColor = [UIColor blueColor];
 8     self.title = @"首页"; 
 9     UILabel *label = [[UILabel alloc]initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 0, 100, 300)];
10     label.backgroundColor = [UIColor redColor];
11     [self.view addSubview:label];
12     
13     self.navigationItem.rightBarButtonItem = [[UIBarButtonItem alloc]initWithBarButtonSystemItem:UIBarButtonSystemItemBookmarks
       target:self action:@selector(testAciton)];
14     
15 }
16 
17 -(void)testAciton
18 {
19     UIView *window = self.navigationController.tabBarController.view.superview;  
20     [UIView animateWithDuration:1.0 animations:^{
21         window.center = CGPointMake(300, 240);
22         window.transform = CGAffineTransformScale(window.transform, 0.8, 0.8);
23     }];
24     
25     //视图层级关系
26     UIView *layoutContainerView = window.subviews[0]; 
27     UIView *transitionView = layoutContainerView.subviews[0]; 
28     UIView *wrapperView = transitionView.subviews[0]; 
29     UIView *layoutView = wrapperView.subviews[0]; 
30     UIView *naviTransitionView = layoutView.subviews[0]; 
31     UIView *naviWrapperView = naviTransitionView.subviews[0];  
32     UIView *uiview = naviWrapperView.subviews[0]; 
33     NSLog(@"%@",uiview.subviews); 
34     //判断两个视图坐标是否重合或发生碰撞
35     //CGRectIntersectsRect(<#CGRect rect1#>, <#CGRect rect2#>);   
36 }

3）RootViewController.m 右侧展现视图 代码实现

 1 #import "RootViewController.h"
 2 @interface RootViewController ()
 3 @end
 4 @implementation RootViewController
 5 - (void)viewDidLoad {
 6     [super viewDidLoad];     
 7     self.view.backgroundColor = [UIColor yellowColor];
 8     
 9     UIButton *btn = [UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeCustom];
10     btn.frame = CGRectMake(10, 100, 300, 50);
11     btn.backgroundColor = [UIColor whiteColor];
12     [self.view addSubview:btn];
13     [btn addTarget:self action:@selector(clickAction) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside];
14 }
15 -(void)clickAction
16 {
17     NSLog(@"==============");
18 }